Patterns /Encodings

Binary Repunits

These are the numbers one short of a power of two — 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 1023 — whose binary form is nothing but ones.

Matches in range
18
Share of all numbers
1 in 55,556
Out of
1,000,001

Every binary repunit is 2^k − 1, so there is exactly one at each bit length and the count in range is tiny. This is one of the scarcest traits on the site.

They are the classic off-by-one boundaries in computing: 255, 65535 and 4294967295 are all repunits, and all three mark the edge of a common integer type.

When a repunit's exponent is prime, the number is a candidate Mersenne prime — 3, 7, 31 and 127 all qualify. That connection is why these particular numbers have been studied for centuries.

Highest-scoring examples

The best-scoring numbers of four digits or more that carry this pattern. Shorter numbers are excluded here because their length alone dominates any score ranking.

Smallest examples

The first numbers in the range that match this pattern.

Related encodings patterns